Comic protesters who deliver unexpected results, the Clandestine Insurgent Rebel Clown Army (CIRCA) make public appearances that do not meet traditional expectations of protest. Irony and anonymity are their main weapons as they mock and challenge authority while avoiding tactics that cause negative reactions by police. Rebel Clowns are trained in group manoeuvres as well as individual disobedience tactics designed to encourage interaction with bystanders. CIRCA’s activities aim to restore clowning to its dangerous street-performance origins and present a model for public disobedience that can disrupt and heal society. They aim to create coherence through confusion. The group was founded in response to the first visit of the American president George W. Bush to London in 2003.