L'âge des postmachines
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Depuis l'Antiquité, avec le mythe de Galatée, l'objet qui s'anime traverse les âges et les arts. Comment l'imaginaire contemporain s'est-il emparé de la machine ? Sa représentation, sa symbolique, les récits qui lui sont associés sont évidemment tributaires de ceux de la société en général, du discours sur le progrès, du rapport à la technique. L'évolution des(...)
Archive, library and the digital
March 2020
L'âge des postmachines
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Depuis l'Antiquité, avec le mythe de Galatée, l'objet qui s'anime traverse les âges et les arts. Comment l'imaginaire contemporain s'est-il emparé de la machine ? Sa représentation, sa symbolique, les récits qui lui sont associés sont évidemment tributaires de ceux de la société en général, du discours sur le progrès, du rapport à la technique. L'évolution des technologies du numérique et ses conséquences imprévisibles pour l'humanité ont rendu nécessaire le débat philosophique portant sur nos rapports avec elle. La machine est inséparable du sujet qui la crée, et les théories et les fantasmes autour d'une posthumanité ou du transhumanisme sont autant de réponses à cette symbiose imaginée ou réelle. Pour comprendre la spécificité et l'identité de la machine - ou plutôt des machines -, cet ouvrage convoque non seulement la littérature et le cinéma, mais il explore aussi sa matérialisation dans les arts plastiques, les réseaux sociaux, les dispositifs écraniques, la bande dessinée et les jeux vidéo. En tout, dix-sept textes où se côtoient automates, intelligences artificielles et postmachines dans différents milieux - in vivo, in vitro, in silico - dont certains relèvent de dispositifs et de systèmes auto-engendrés.
Archive, library and the digital
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The influential Presence Project brought together an international group of collaborators in 2001 to investigate how technology can be used to increase the presence of older people in their local communities. This became a groundbreaking project for practice-based design research, exploring approaches and methods that have resonated since. The design team rejected a(...)
The presence project, 2nd edition
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The influential Presence Project brought together an international group of collaborators in 2001 to investigate how technology can be used to increase the presence of older people in their local communities. This became a groundbreaking project for practice-based design research, exploring approaches and methods that have resonated since. The design team rejected a problem-solving approach, focusing instead on creating new and unusual situations for communication and insight. They introduced cutting-edge methods and developed challenging designs that they tested in the communities themselves. This book documents the Presence Project's development of key concepts in contemporary technology design, including cultural probes, design workbooks, and speculative design. Original Presence Project participants may have been surprised that the methods they invented became standard practice; the theme of the project was to break out of conventional approaches and try something radically new. With a new preface by Bill Gaver and an introduction by Phoebe Sengers, this reissue of The Presence Project gives readers a glimpse into the thinking behind this influential project and ideas about how to bring it to bear on today's design problems.
Archive, library and the digital
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Organized by interpretive categories such as space, infrastructure, and imaginaries, this volume uses historical and contemporary examples of how laboratories are fundamentally connected to changes in the contemporary university. The authors cover topics such as the evolution and delineation of lab-based communities, how labs’ tools and technologies contribute to defining(...)
Archive, library and the digital
December 2021
The lab book: situated practices in media studies
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Organized by interpretive categories such as space, infrastructure, and imaginaries, this volume uses historical and contemporary examples of how laboratories are fundamentally connected to changes in the contemporary university. The authors cover topics such as the evolution and delineation of lab-based communities, how labs’ tools and technologies contribute to defining their space, and a glossary of key hybrid lab techniques.
Archive, library and the digital
World brain
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In a series of talks and essays in 1937, H. G. Wells proselytized for what he called a "World Brain," as manifested in a World Encyclopedia--a repository of scientifically established knowledge--that would spread enlightenment around the world and lead to world peace. Wells, known to readers today as the author of "The War of the Worlds" and other science fiction(...)
World brain
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In a series of talks and essays in 1937, H. G. Wells proselytized for what he called a "World Brain," as manifested in a World Encyclopedia--a repository of scientifically established knowledge--that would spread enlightenment around the world and lead to world peace. Wells, known to readers today as the author of "The War of the Worlds" and other science fiction classics, was imagining something like a predigital Wikipedia. The World Encyclopedia would provide a summary of verified reality (in about forty volumes); it would be widely available, free of copyright, and utilize the latest technology. Of course, as Bruce Sterling points out in the foreword to this edition of Wells's work, the World Brain didn't happen; the internet did. And yet, Wells anticipated aspects of the internet, envisioning the World Brain as a technical system of networked knowledge (in Sterling's words, a "hypothetical super-gadget"). Wells's optimism about the power of information might strike readers today as naïvely utopian, but possibly also inspirational.
Archive, library and the digital
Database network interface
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Throughout human history, the library, the archive and the museum have embodied knowledge, information and collective culture to such an extent that it is possible to compare systems of information organisation with spatial and architectural typologies. The publication, conceived in the occasion of the exhibition at Archizoom (EPFL), dives into the relationship between(...)
Archive, library and the digital
October 2021
Database network interface
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Throughout human history, the library, the archive and the museum have embodied knowledge, information and collective culture to such an extent that it is possible to compare systems of information organisation with spatial and architectural typologies. The publication, conceived in the occasion of the exhibition at Archizoom (EPFL), dives into the relationship between architectural and digital culture beyond the pure rhetoric of the digital turn and the digital as architectural style. The hypothesis is that the notions of "database", "network" and "interface"—common in the field of information technology—could be related to architectural issues of a formal, compositional or symbolic nature, of which spatial arrangements, plans or façades are the expression. In this sense, the publication presents a selection of case studies highlighting the possible links between digital and non-digital cultural projects and their architectural counterparts.
Archive, library and the digital
Data feminism
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Today, data science is a form of power. It has been used to expose injustice, improve health outcomes, and topple governments. But it has also been used to discriminate, police, and surveil. This potential for good, on the one hand, and harm, on the other, makes it essential to ask: Data science by whom? Data science for whom? Data science with whose interests in mind?(...)
Archive, library and the digital
March 2020
Data feminism
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Today, data science is a form of power. It has been used to expose injustice, improve health outcomes, and topple governments. But it has also been used to discriminate, police, and surveil. This potential for good, on the one hand, and harm, on the other, makes it essential to ask: Data science by whom? Data science for whom? Data science with whose interests in mind? The narratives around big data and data science are overwhelmingly white, male, and techno-heroic. In ''Data feminism,'' Catherine D'Ignazio and Lauren Klein present a new way of thinking about data science and data ethics—one that is informed by intersectional feminist thought. Illustrating data feminism in action, D'Ignazio and Klein show how challenges to the male/female binary can help challenge other hierarchical (and empirically wrong) classification systems. They explain how, for example, an understanding of emotion can expand our ideas about effective data visualization, and how the concept of invisible labor can expose the significant human efforts required by our automated systems. And they show why the data never, ever ''speak for themselves.'' ''Data feminism'' offers strategies for data scientists seeking to learn how feminism can help them work toward justice, and for feminists who want to focus their efforts on the growing field of data science. But ''Data feminism'' is about much more than gender. It is about power, about who has it and who doesn't, and about how those differentials of power can be challenged and changed.
Archive, library and the digital
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Ce sont les nouveaux grands seigneurs de notre temps. Les GAFAM (Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon, Microsoft) et autres plateformes (Airbnb, Uber et Netflix) règnent sans partage sur un empire numérique qui transcende les frontières nationales, au mépris de la souveraineté des États et de leurs législations. Épidémie de fausses nouvelles, polarisation des débats, contrôle(...)
April 2022
Les barbares numériques : Résister à l'invasion des GAFAM
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Ce sont les nouveaux grands seigneurs de notre temps. Les GAFAM (Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon, Microsoft) et autres plateformes (Airbnb, Uber et Netflix) règnent sans partage sur un empire numérique qui transcende les frontières nationales, au mépris de la souveraineté des États et de leurs législations. Épidémie de fausses nouvelles, polarisation des débats, contrôle des données personnelles, surconsommation énergétique et pollution atmosphérique… Ces barbares numériques représentent une véritable menace pour la démocratie. Devant la passivité de nos gouvernements, à Québec comme à Ottawa, Alain Saulnier lance un appel à la résistance. Pour l’ancien directeur de l’information de Radio-Canada, il est urgent d’établir l’équité fiscale, de protéger les droits d’auteur et de moderniser tout l’écosystème numérique. Il en va de la survie de nos médias, de notre langue et de notre culture françaises en Amérique du Nord.
The smartness mandate
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In this book, the authors suggest that "smartness" is not primarily a technology, but rather an epistemology. Through this lens, they offer a critical exploration of the practices, technologies, and subjects that such an understanding relies upon—above all, artificial intelligence and machine learning. They approach these not simply as techniques for solving problems of(...)
Archive, library and the digital
December 2022
The smartness mandate
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In this book, the authors suggest that "smartness" is not primarily a technology, but rather an epistemology. Through this lens, they offer a critical exploration of the practices, technologies, and subjects that such an understanding relies upon—above all, artificial intelligence and machine learning. They approach these not simply as techniques for solving problems of calculations, but rather as modes of managing life (human and other) in terms of neo-Darwinian evolution, distributed intelligences, and "resilience," all of which have serious implications for society, politics, and the environment.
Archive, library and the digital
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The only way to handle data responsibly, says Melanie Feinberg in this incisive work, is to take into account its human character. Though the data she discusses may seem familiar, close scrutiny shows it to be ambiguous, complicated, and uncertain: unruly. Drawing on the tools of information science, she uses everyday events to demonstrate a practical, critical, and(...)
Everyday adventures with unruly data
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The only way to handle data responsibly, says Melanie Feinberg in this incisive work, is to take into account its human character. Though the data she discusses may seem familiar, close scrutiny shows it to be ambiguous, complicated, and uncertain: unruly. Drawing on the tools of information science, she uses everyday events to demonstrate a practical, critical, and generative mode of thinking about data: its creation, management, aggregation, and use. As she reflects on the implications of commonplace events, Feinberg explicates fundamental concepts of data that reveal the many tiny design decisions—which may not even seem like design at all—that shape how data comes to be. Through the themes of serendipity, objectivity, equivalence, interoperability, taxonomy, labels, and locality, she illuminates the surprisingly pervasive role of data in our daily thoughts and lives.
Archive, library and the digital
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Digital and social media have transformed how much and how fast we communicate, but they have also altered the palette of expressive strategies: the cultural forms that shape how citizens, activists, and artists speak and interact. Most familiar among these strategies are storytelling and representation. In A Theory of Assembly, Kyle Parry argues that one of the most(...)
A theory of assembly: From museums to memes
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Digital and social media have transformed how much and how fast we communicate, but they have also altered the palette of expressive strategies: the cultural forms that shape how citizens, activists, and artists speak and interact. Most familiar among these strategies are storytelling and representation. In A Theory of Assembly, Kyle Parry argues that one of the most powerful and pervasive cultural forms in the digital era is assembly. Whether as subtle photographic sequences, satirical Venn diagrams, or networked archives, projects based in assembly do not so much narrate or represent the world as rearrange it. This work of rearranging can take place at any scale, from a simple pairing of images, undertaken by one person, to the entire history of internet memes, undertaken by millions. With examples ranging from GIFs and paintings to museum exhibitions and social movement hashtags, Parry shows how, in the internet age, assembly has come to equal narrative and representation in its reach and influence, particularly as a response to ecological and social violence. He also emphasizes the ambivalence of assembly—the way it can be both emancipatory and antidemocratic.
Archive, library and the digital