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Titre:
Oase 64 : landscape and mass tourism

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Résumé:
The relationship between architecture and tourism has been the subject of ample research from the urban point of view, resulting in various theories about the "tourist gaze." Themes like identity and city branding are familiar to us all these days, but the relationship between architecture and the touristic landscape has thus far received much less consideration. Now that tourism is occupying the natural landscape en masse, it is no longer possible to safeguard the ideal of pure, untouched nature. By its very definition, the touristic landscape is a construct in which cultural and functional aspects have a role. As far back as the 18th century, the experience of a touristic landscape was become a physical one; an irreversible transformation of the landscape has been the result. This edition of "OASE" focuses on architecture's contribution to the structuring of mass tourism in the context of landscape, on how architecture frames the landscape and regiments the flow of tourists. A variety of interventions and strategies are reviewed, from mega-structures and infrastructure in ski resorts and Mediterranean holiday villages to nostalgic settlements in man-made miniature landscapes.

Titre:
Anarchitektur: produktion und gebrauch gebauter umwelt

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22 GAMMA Grid, 1953. The End of CIAM and the Bidonvilles of Casablanca For a short time in the 1950s the planning practices of European architects in North Africa and their studies of everyday life in the bidonvilles were of central importance in the CIAM debates about a redefinition of the modern movement. In spite of their great interest in the reality of life in Casablanca´s bidonvilles as analyzed in the GAMMA grid, the architects ignored the colonial conditions of their research: the repressive nature of the regime as well as the anti-colonial struggles. While opening up a discussion about an architecture that includes the local and thinks about processes and users, this study is also exemplary for the dilemma of post-war modernism, that of giving mainly aesthetic answers to social and political questions.

Titre:
Urban design in the 20th century

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Our time is an urban age. More people live in cities than ever before, cities are growing larger and denser than ever, and urbanity has reached unprecedented levels of complexity. This boom in urbanization began in earnest around the turn of the twentieth century when technological advancement and the extraction of seemingly endless supplies of natural resources propelled urban development. As urban populations steadily increased, architects and planners were not only faced with designing housing and public space but also with responding to emerging societal challenges such as political tensions, reconstruction, decolonization, economic crises, growing climatic concerns, and cultural shifts. Through the analysis of more than one hundred richly illustrated urban design projects and initiatives, this book provides a comprehensive history of how these challenges have fomented new attitudes and approaches in the discipline of urban design.

Titre:
Architectural positions: architecture, modernity and the public sphere

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Public space is changing. Where in earlier times people met each other on a public square it seems that now a hotel lobby is the desired designation. This change in the notion of what the public area exactly is forms one of the most crucial themes in current architectural debate – Where are shared spaces presently to be found where people can meet each other and develop and share a public meaning? This illustrated anthology brings together an impressive collection of writings by 36 leading architects, who have over the last fifty years presented different positions in relation to the debate over the idea and limits of what the public is, or should be. Contributors include: Aldo Rossi, Rem Koolhaas, Matthias Ungers, Daniel Libeskind, Peter Zumthor, Alison and Peter Smithson, Rob Krier, Ben van Berkel and Caroline Bos and Jean Nouvel.

Titre:
OASE 87, Alan Colquhoun: Architecture, historian, critic

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OASE 87 is dedicated to the work of British architect Alan Colquhoun, situated within today’s debate on architecture criticism. The issue presents not only the different themes that Colquhoun addressed in his work, but also the various positions taken in his career as scholar, critic and practitioner. Alan Colquhoun managed for decades to link his practical experiences with a particular way of thinking about architecture history and theory. Colquhoun’s work illustrates that architecture – even today – needs its own theory and cultural position.

Titre:
Colonial Modern: Aesthetics of the past, rebellions for the future

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Colonial Modern: Aesthetics of the Past, Rebellions for the Future is a reader on the relationship between modernism and the project of modernisation in architecture, as well as the intertwining of both in the context of colonialism and decolonisation. It focuses on the dual topics of the relationship between the post-war aesthetic regime of modernism and the project of modernization in architecture and urban planning, as well as on the highly charged intertwining of both in the context of colonialism and decolonization. It is based on the exhibition In the Desert of Modernity: Colonial Planning and After , which traced these connected histories of modern architecture and urban planning in colonial northern Africa and Europe, and was first exhibited in 2008 at the Haus der Kulturen der Welt in Berlin, Germany. The book reflects contemporary research into architectural modernism and colonialism, and utilizes the thesis of “negotiated modernism” to initiate new debates on conceptions of modernism and, inevitably, postmodernism in an interdisciplinary context.

Titre:
Structuralism reloaded : rule-based design in architecture and urbanism

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This book is a collection of 47 articles by renowned authors including, among others, Roland Barthes, Koos Bosma, Jorg Gleiter, Herman Hertzberger, Arnulf Luchinger, Winy Maas, Sylvain Malfroy, Hasim Sarkis, Fabian Scheurer, and Georges Teyssot. Through well-founded theoretical contributions, the book provides the first comprehensive representation of historical and contemporary digital structural thinking in architecture and urban planning

Titre:
Casablanca Chandigarh: a report on modernization

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This book documents two complementary urban realities that have played a fundamental role in the imagination, definition and redefinition of the twentieth-century modern city. Shifting away from an understanding of architecture as the construction of monumental masterpieces, the texts collected here assemble the narratives behind the public spaces, housing and social facilities in these two cities, where modern plans have proven unexpectedly resilient and adaptable over time. This perspective is reinforced through visual contributions by Yto Barrada and Takashi Homma—two photographers especially invested in capturing everyday urban life. In a world marked by decolonization and Cold War politics, Casablanca and Chandigarh appear simultaneously as exponents of and countercurrents to modernization and its development perspectives. The book’s three chapters set the context for reading Casablanca and Chandigarh as the results of nuanced, dynamic processes of international exchange driven by the engagement and expertise of a new class of design professionals. As a dossier of actors, alignments and agendas, the book contributes to an alternative historiography of post-war urbanism and to recent reflections on the impact of transnational practice.

Titre:
OASE 103: Critical regionalism revisited

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English architect, historian, critic and educator Kenneth Frampton received the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement at the Venice Biennale 2018. There is no architecture student that is not familiar with the book Modern Architecture: A Critical History (1980) of this renowned historian, nor with his essay ‘Towards a Critical Regionalism, Six Points of an Architecture of Resistance’ (1983). In this last text, Frampton searched for an alternative approach towards architecture by defining the specifics of topography, climate, light and tectonics as essential to the art of building. This issue of OASE examines the canonical role of Kenneth Frampton’s concept of ‘Critical Regionalism’, reaching beyond its traditional interpretation. It gathers contributions that propose a new genealogy of the text, critical re-readings and explorations by practicing architects and architecture theorists that evaluate the interest of Frampton’s ideas for contemporary architecture.

Titre:
Agadir: Building the modern Afropolis

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On February 29, 1960, a catastrophic earthquake devastated the Moroccan coastal city of Agadir, erasing it almost entirely and killing a third of its population. The world was shocked, and very quickly large amounts of international aid arrived. Following an emotional speech by King Mohammed V, the reconstruction of Agadir also turned into an undertaking of national and international solidarity. A new and unprecedented process of urban construction was developed that allowed many architects—national and international—to simultaneously design the new city. The result of this joint effort was astounding. In a very short time, the new Agadir rose from the ashes. The best Moroccan and international architects experimented with novel housing typologies, which mediated between ultramodern and vernacular ways of dwelling, complemented by innovative public structures, such as schools, dispensaries, and cinemas. All of these combined into an original urban reality: a modern Afropolis.